Other Infections of the Liver Michael S. Torbenson, MD 10.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses nonviral and nonparasitic infections of the liver, though infections that are primarily granulomatous are discussed with…

Viral Hepatitis Roger K. Moreira, MD Douglas A. Simonetto, MD 8.1 GRADING AND STAGING OVERVIEW In a fashion somewhat analogous to tumor pathology—where grade refers to features that reflect disease…

Electron Microscopy Taofic Mounajjed, MD 5.1 INTRODUCTION The rise of immunohistochemical, molecular, and serologic techniques in pathology over the past decades has somewhat sidelined certain diagnostic uses of the more…

Basic Patterns of Injury in Medical Liver Pathology Roger K. Moreira, MD A pattern of injury represents individual histologic findings that cluster into a meaningful and recognizable histologic pattern. Identification…

Metastatic Tumors in the Liver Lizhi Zhang, MD 31.1 INTRODUCTION The liver is one of the most common organs involved by metastases. In fact, metastatic tumors are the most common…

Hematopathology and the Liver Michael S. Torbenson Ellen D. McPhail 30.1 OVERVIEW The liver can be involved by reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and by various hematological malignancies. The appropriate diagnosis can…

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Michael S. Torbenson, MD 28.1 DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY Hepatocellular carcinoma is defined as a malignant epithelial tumor that (1) originates in the liver, (2) is differentiated toward hepatocytes…

Benign and Malignant Biliary Tumors Murli Krishna, MD 29.1 INTRODUCTION Biliary neoplasms and tumor-like lesions form a diverse group of lesions in the liver, and include tumors with characteristics similar…

Benign Hepatocellular Tumors Dora Lam-Himlin, MD 27.1 FOCAL NODULAR HYPERPLASIA Definition Focal nodular hyperplasia is a benign hyperplastic reactive lesion composed of nodules of hepatocytes separated by fibrotic bands in…