Bronchiolar and Peribronchiolar Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Metaplasia Philip T. Cagle Bronchioles may be involved by inflammation and scarring as either an isolated or focal condition (e.g., a scarred bronchiole from…
Pulmonary Hemorrhage with Vasculitis Pulmonary hemorrhage with vasculitis is almost always immunologically mediated. Systemic manifestations and serologic tests provide important clues to the diagnosis. Regardless of etiology, patients present with…
Bronchiectasis Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Bronchiectasis refers to the irreversible pathologic dilation of bronchi due to inflammation and fibrosis, most often associated with chronic infection….
Bronchopneumonia Philip T. Cagle Bronchopneumonia is also called focal pneumonia or lobular pneumonia. Bronchopneumonia is discussed here because the acute inflammation involves the respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveolar ducts and…
Chronic Bronchitis Alvaro C. Laga Timothy C. Allen Philip T. Cagle Chronic bronchitis is defined clinically as persistent cough with sputum production for at least 3 months in at least…
Pulmonary Infarct Abida K. Haque The lung has a dual vascular supply; therefore infarction is uncommon, unless there is preexisting pulmonary or cardiac disease resulting in a low flow state….
Pulmonary Hemorrhage without Vasculitis Pulmonary hemorrhage ranges from a focal procedural finding to a dramatic manifestation of underlying lung disease, and may be seen associated with or without vasculitis. In…
Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease Abida K. Haque Keith M. Kerr Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) is currently classified as a type of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with significant venous or capillary involvement….
Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Hypoxemia Abida K. Haque Roberto Barrios Pulmonary hypertension may be associated with hypoxemia in diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease and interstitial lung disease. Chronic…
