V vaccination injection of attenuated (i.e. live) or killed (i.e. dead) culture of a specific microorganism/its exotoxin to induce host immunity to the causative agent vaccine preparation designed to act…

T T1-weighted images; T1W magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequencing that demonstrates anatomy (i.e. fat-/hydrogen-containing structures appear white); contrast with short T1 inverse recovery imaging; STIR T2-weighted images; T2W MRI sequencing…

O Ober’s test see test, Ober’s obese an adult who is more than 20% heavier than their height related ideal weight, with a body mass index of >25 and/or having…

B Babinski reflex see response, Babinski Babinski’s sign see response, Babinski bacitracin topical antibacterial agent background retinopathy diabetic eye disease characterized by retinal capillary permeability, vein dilatation, micro-aneurysm and haemorrhages…

H H2O2 see hydrogen peroxide H2-receptor antagonist drug e.g. cimetidine (Tagamet) and ranitidine (Zantac); used to heal gastric and duodenal ulcers and control symptoms of oesophageal reflux (heartburn); contraindicated in…

N N-A dressing non-adherent wound dressing (see Table D10) naevus benign, localized, overgrowth of skin melanocytes or blood vessels (see ABCDE) naevus pigmentosus; mole congenital, raised/sessile, pigmented, benign skin lesion…

F Fx, Fy, Fz symbols denoting resolved components of ground reaction force (anteroposterior, vertical and horizontal components respectively); Figure F1 Figure F1 Resolved components of ground reaction force. Fx, anteroposterior;…

Q Q angle angle subtended by a line drawn to the vertical bisection of femur and a line drawn from the lateral margin of pelvis to the sagittal plane of…

G gabapentin anticonvulsant agent with relatively few side-effects; used to treat epilepsy, and in neuropathic pain gait manner of walking (Table G1) Table G1 Gait patterns Gait pattern Characteristics Apropulsive…