Compulsive Buying
Introduction Kraepelin and Bleuler first identified oniomania, or the urge to buy, in the early 1900s. Today, compulsive buying is likely a much different phenomenon from what it was when…
Hoarding as a Behavioral Addiction
Overview Hoarding disorder (HD) is defined as the acquisition of—and inability to discard—a large number of possessions, to a degree that precludes intended use of living spaces and creates significant…
New Era of Internet Addiction Research in China
Introduction In recent decades, one area of research on media effects has shed extensive light on problematic behavior in the use of media, particularly the overuse or the maladaptive use…
Sexual Behavior as an Addictive or Compulsive Phenomenon
Introduction Due to the magnitude of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, and its profound impact on public health and social structures, an emphasis on…
The Biology and Treatment of Gambling Disorder
Introduction Gambling has become increasingly accessible and socially acceptable over the past two decades, with an increasing number of venues and opportunities through casinos, video lottery terminals, sports betting venues,…
Ketamine and Phencyclidine
Introduction Ketamine and phencyclidine are chemically related to each other and have psychotropic effects similar to those of other prototypical hallucinogens such as lysergic acid diethylamide. Phencyclidine was developed first…
Opiates and Prescription Drugs
Classification Medications derived from Papaver somniferum , the opium poppy, have played a central role in medical practice for well over 3500 years. Sumerian clay tablets, which include our oldest…
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
Introduction Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) refer to the male hormone, testosterone, and many of its natural and synthetic derivatives. All AASs have androgenic (masculinizing) and muscle-specific (anabolic) effects, but some are…
Clinical Aspects of Inhalant Addiction
Types of Inhalants Being Abused Inhalants encompass a wide range of pharmacologically diverse substances that readily vaporize. Unlike most other substances of abuse, which are classified into groups that share…
