We couldn’t find any sound correlation between BDNF G196A (Val66Met) polymorphism and its association with increased sugar levels or type 2 diabetes or obesity onset. It was reported both in Healthy (NGT) as well as Diabetic Patients (Table 9.1).

The BDNF levels were found to be independent of sex in Type 2 Diabetes. Generally Plasma BDNF Levels were found independent of the smoking criterion. A slight increase in the BDNF levels was reported in 2 smoking patients which may be a case of nicotine dependence pathophysiology [15].

Diabetes affects the musculoskeletal system in a variety of ways. The metabolic perturbations in diabetes (including glycosylation of proteins; microvascular abnormalities with damage to blood vessels and nerves; and collagen accumulation in skin and periarticular structures) result in changes in the connective tissue [16].

In our study 6 out of 96 patients complained of Joint pains which included 4 males and 2 females. 3 of them had the problem in the pedal bones 1 in the ankle and other 2 in the wrist and fingers of hand. The patients suffered with the joint problems were suffering from Type 2 diabetes for more than 10 years. One male Patient with Joint pain in hand showed inability to join both the palm completely while pressing them against each other, there was a clear and visible gap between the two palms (Fig. 9.1). While discussion with the patients most of them said that the problem of joint pains developed very slowly which may have progressed because of age along with the Diabetes.

Diabetic Patients Complaining the Joint pains had a maximum BDNF level of 1,085 pg/ml (1 Patient) which is even lower Plasma BDNF level as compared to the diabetic patients who didn’t develop Joint pain (Graph 9.2).