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Fig. 34.1 The azimuth angle The elevation angle reflects the optimal elevation angle between the instrument and the horizontal plane and has to be 60° (Fig. 34.2). Fig. 34.2 The…

Fig. 30.1 Two-hit theory on cause of chronic orchialgia Fig. 30.2 Nerve fiber with and without Wallerian degeneration on H&E staining Prevalence can range up to 33 % of men…

Fig. 11.1 Sleeve gastrectomy diagram Table 11.1 Mechanism of the sleeve gastrectomy • Decreased gastric volume • Restriction by the pylorus • Decreased ghrelin • Increased gastric emptying • Decreased small bowel transit time with…

Fig. 36.1 ICG NIR fluorescence explanation In this chapter, we describe current applications in general surgery: fluorescent cholangiography, lymph node mapping, and assessment of the perfusion of the colonic stumps,…

(1) Texas Institute for Robotic Surgery, Hospital Corporation of America, Austin, TX, USA (2) Intuitive Surgical International, Austin, TX, USA   Abstract Although there are many challenges in setting up…

Fig. 17.1 Room setup As an alternative, open laparoscopic entry (Hasson technique) or visual entry systems (Optiview/Visiport) can be used per surgeon’s preference. A total of four ports (three robotic…

Fig. 14.1 Patient and port positioning The standard position for DP begins by placing the patient in an oblique 30° right lateral position (left side up) supported by a pillow…

Fig. 27.1 Port placement in the donor The herein described robotic-assisted donor nephrectomy is a transabdominal procedure, which is usually done through four laparoscopic ports and one 7-cm infraumbilical incision….

Author Year published Approach n Mean OR time (min) Conversions (%) Average tm size (cm) Complications (%) Hospital stay (days) Winter et al. [14] 2006 LT 30 185 0 2.4…

Fig. 20.1 Patient positioning. The patient is placed on modified lithotomy position with moderate Trendelenburg and both arms tucked. The patient is secured to the operating table using a wrapped…