Verbenaceae Vervain; European vervain Verbenae herba Herb The main active constituents include the iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides verbenalin and hastatoside and verbenoside A and B; the phenylpropanoid glycosides such as verbascoside and flavonoids like luteolin, kaempferol, apigenin, quercetol and isorhamnetin (Duan et al. 2011; Schonbichler et al. 2013; Xu et al. 2010). A number of triterpenoids based on ursolic acid have been isolated (Shu et al. 2013). No clinical data are available for vervain and its preparations alone. A herbal combination product, Sinupret, containing gentian root, primrose flower, elderflower, sorrel herb and vervain herb, ratio 1:3:3:3:3) has been assessed in pre-clinical and clinical studies. A placebo-controlled, randomised double-blind clinical trial assessed the effect of this formulation in conjunction with antibiotics and nasal decongestants in acute sinusitis patients (160 subjects) and found Sinupret improved the symptoms of acute bacterial sinusitis (Neubauer and Marz 1994). Two different formulations (dry extract and oral drops) of a combination product (described earlier) was tested in vitro for its antiviral potential against human pathogenic viruses known to cause infections of the upper respiratory tract. Both formulations showed a dose dependent (EC50
Verbena
Verbena officinalis L.
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