The cell cycle

41 The cell cycle





Questions



image How is the chromosome complement of daughter cells maintained during cell division of somatic cells?

image How is cell division regulated?

image What is the role of the cytoskeleton in cell division?

Cell division is important for growth, development, repair and replacement of dead cells. In an organism with multiple cell types and tissues, cell proliferation must be tightly regulated: loss of control is cancer.



Stages of the cell cycle


The process of cell division is cyclical and unidirectional (Fig. 3.41.1). The period between successive cell divisions is termed the interphase. Interphase begins with a period of rapid biosynthesis and cell growth, G1 (gap) phase, to provide sufficient cellular constituents for two daughter cells. This phase is the most variable in duration (minutes to months). In non-dividing tissues, cells withdraw from the cell cycle into a resting state (G0) but can re-enter G1 upon stimulation. After G1, the cell moves into S phase, when the complete genomic DNA is duplicated. A second gap phase, G2, then prepares the cell for the M phase, where mitosis, the division of nuclear material, and cytokinesis, the process of cytoplasmic division, occur such that the two daughter cells each receive a complete copy of the genomic DNA.

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Jun 18, 2016 | Posted by in BIOCHEMISTRY | Comments Off on The cell cycle

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