Chapter 17 How are doctors supposed to take care of patients if they don’t take care of themselves? If you overwork yourself consistently sooner or later you will experience burnout. Most of us are not taught much about self-care in medical school. Look after yourself and become a better doctor in the process. Sadly, the days of doctors being provided with free on-site accommodation are at an end. This used to be available because doctors were resident on-site for long periods of time. However, many hospitals still offer accommodation at favourable rates. Living in hospital accommodation is a good way to meet people that you could rent with at a later date. It is also likely to be within walking distance to the hospital. This may not sound important now but after a week of long shifts the 45 minute commute into work may seem far less tolerable. If a hospital offers accommodation, it must comply with national regulations governing minimum acceptable standards which are non-negotiable: If you have a specific problem with your quarters, contact the designated ‘accommodation officer’ or equivalent through switchboard. There are often websites advertising rooms for rent or check the noticeboard as there are often adverts for rooms to rent. When you are at registrar level then depending on your speciality you may be contractually allowed to rest/sleep during on calls. However, as a junior doctor this is unlikely to be the case and most trusts stance is that you should not be sleeping at night. So if you decide to rest in an empty on-call room, be aware that this may be against the trust policy. It is not uncommon for a junior to have gotten into hot water when found by the matron or security asleep! Similarly, be extremely careful about leaving the hospital grounds whilst on call unless specific cover has been agreed. Remember that patient care is your first priority so do not put yourself in a situation where you cannot deal with an emergency should it arise. What if you have come all this way and decide that you don’t want to be a doctor? Or you like it, but not enough to dedicate your life to it? Little known to many medics, having a medical degree opens many great doors. Chekhov, JPR Williams, Graham Chapman, Harry Hill, Che Guevara and Keats were all once doctors – to name a few: Becoming a member of the British Medical Association (BMA) not only brings you the BMJ with adverts for professional courses but also provides advice and support in all areas of your work, leave, contracts, tax and financial planning. It is also a negotiating body on behalf of all doctors and is definitely worth the subscription costs. The BMJ is an excellent journal in its own right, it is one of the easiest to browse with its almost magazine-like approach, but it also has summaries of up-to-date research that the BMJ has published that week. Specific benefits of membership include: You may buy your first car during your first year. Whilst you may need to purchase it in July just prior to moving to your new job, cars are most expensive around July–August. Most people know where they will be working from January to February, so if you have the funds and the time, consider buying a car around January/February, when you are much more likely to pick up a bargain. Car insurance varies a lot. The BMA offers insurance for doctors, but it may be more expensive than you need, particularly if you have bought an old car. Probably the best thing to do is to ring local brokers who deal with many different insurance firms and who can get you the best deal for the cover you need. Alternatively, a thorough internet search is a good way forwards. Many firms give a discount for female drivers. Be aware that you can purchase third-party insurance, fire and theft, if your car is not valuable although this may not build your ‘no-claims’ discount, an important factor in reducing the eventual costs of insurance. After graduation, all doctors are entered into the UK Medical Directory. This is a reasonably reliable way of tracking down friends from medical school and beyond. The Directory is available in hospital libraries and also from the General Medical Council (GMC) nearest you. You can search the register at the GMC website, www.gmc-uk.org. There are now Internet services dedicated to doctors which can supply doctors with contact details of colleagues who have also subscribed. Alternatively, there are lots of professional websites such as Linked In that are popular with doctors to keep in contact. Beware of breaking patient confidentiality on these websites – keep things strictly about yourself and your career. Doctors’ working conditions are negotiated by the Junior Doctors’ Committee. More recently, the Junior Doctors’ agreement has altered the rates at which overtime is paid and stipulated the maximum hours for which you can be contracted to work. All hospitals, including trusts, have to abide by these nationally agreed guidelines. Your contract is a binding agreement, regulating your hours and conditions of service, pay, holiday and notice. It cannot be altered unilaterally by either you or your employer. In particular, pay protection means that your pay cannot be cut from the time of accepting the job, even if the banding of the job changes. Having a contract is essential to ensure you are on the right pay grade. Virtually all junior doctors now work a full-shift rota with additional duty periods every few days (e.g. 1 in 5), meaning that they work a 40 hour working week and are also on duty every fifth night and/or every fifth weekend. Contracts stipulate the maximum number of hours you work, the amount and type of rest breaks you are entitled to during your working day and the amount of time you must have off, depending on your pay banding. Table 17.1 New Deal hours. This is a mandatory obligation of your contract. At least twice a year, your medical personnel department will run a diary card monitoring exercise over a period of 2 weeks, where the junior doctors on the same rota will be required to document what they do in hourly time slots. You need to write down on the diary card the time that you started work and the time that you left. You will be asked to write down the number of breaks you had and the duration. This is to ascertain whether the post meets European Working Time Directive requirements and also to determine the amount of pay you get. That alone should be an incentive to take part! The diary card monitoring exercise can be online or a paper exercise. The European Working Time Directive has stipulated a maximum of 56 working hours per week that was cut down to 48 in 2008 (see Table 17.2): Table 17.2 European Working Time Directive. National Health Service (NHS) doctors’ rates of pay are agreed nationally by the Doctors and Dentists’ Review Body, which negotiates the annual pay increase each April. Your pay is calculated on the basis of a banding system. The banding system takes into consideration the type of rota worked, the duration and intensity of out-of-hours work. Your band dictates the supplement received for out-of-hours work as a multiple of your basic salary. Junior doctors in general practice who have an out-of-hours commitment receive an additional 22.5% over and above basic salary regardless of the duration or frequency of that commitment. The BMA website (bma.org.uk) features a band calculator, allowing you to check that your employer is complying with national requirements (see Table 17.3). Alternatively, if you have concerns over your rota and feel the banding does not comply with your rota, you can send the BMA a copy of your rota and ask them to check to see if it is compliant with the EWTD and corresponds to your banding: Table 17.3 Banding. Note: Pay protection does not protect Band 3 pay, but it only protects up to Band 2A. Junior doctors are entitled to 9 days of annual leave per 4-month rotation, excluding bank holidays: Junior doctors only need to give 2 weeks’ notice of their intention to leave their post. However, to be eligible for full GMC registration you need to have completed 12 months as an FY1 doctor. Although rare, it is not unheard of for trainees to be given notice if the employing hospital is cutting back staff. In this unfortunate circumstance, you will need to discuss the situation with your educational supervisor, the deanery and your representative union, for example, the BMA. In the event of family or personal bereavement, up to 72 hours paid leave will usually be given. Tell your consultant as soon as possible and the rota coordinator. If there is any difficulty, talk to your clinical tutor and personnel and if necessary escalate the situation to your educational supervisor or the medical director.
SELF-CARE
Accommodation
Alternative careers
Bleep
British Medical Association
Car insurance
Clothes (laundry/stains)
Contacting medical colleagues
Contract and conditions of service
What you need to know about your contract
Rotas
Rotation pattern
Maximum period of continuous work (hours)
Minimum period off duty between work periods (hours)
Minimum continuous period of duty
Full shift
14
8
48 hours + 62 hours in 28 days
Partial shift
16
8
48 hours + 62 hours in 28 days
On-call rota
32 (56 hours at weekend)
12
48 hours + 62 hours in 21 days
Working time monitoring
Maximum working time per week of 56 hours
The rest requirements which came into effect in August 2004 are as follows:
A minimum of 4 weeks’ paid annual leave
Pay
Banding
Pay multiple
Description
‘Unbanded’
0
<48 hours per week, sociable hours
1A
1.5
<48 hours per week, high proportion of antisocial hours
1B
1.4
<48 hours per week, low proportion of antisocial hours
1C
1.2
<48 hours per week, non-resident on calls
2A
1.8
48–56 hours per week, high proportion of antisocial hours
2B
1.5
48–56 hours per week, low proportion of antisocial hours
3
2.0
>56 hours per week, insufficient rest (few of these jobs now remain)
Holiday
Notice
Leave
Compassionate leave
Maternity (and paternity) leave