33 Regulation of adhesion
Role of the extracellular matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) does not simply provide a protective framework but also has a profound influence on the behaviour of individual cells, imparting spatial information that is crucial for development, differentiation, normal cellular function and resistance to apoptosis. The presence of a basement membrane allows cells to establish and maintain polarity (e.g. in epithelial or endothelial layers). This causes replication to occur within the plane of the cell layer. In addition, any cells that grow into the lumen will have no contact with the ECM and would, therefore, be liable to apoptosis (Fig. 3.33.1).
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