Achillea millefolium

Yarrow

Flowering aerial parts

Acorns calamus

Calamus (sweetflag)

Rhizome

Actaea racemosa

Black cohosh

Rhizome

Adonis vernalis

Adonis

Aerial parts

Aesculus hippocastanum

Horse chestnut

Seeds/bark/leaves

Alcea rosea

Hollyhock

Flowers

Alchemilla xanthochlora (A. vulgaris)

Lady’s mantle

Aerial parts

Allium cepa

Onion

Bulb

Allium sativum

Garlic

Bulb

Allium ursinum

Bear paw garlic, ramson

Aerial parts

Aloeferox

Aloe vera (Cape aloe)

Leaves

Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis)

Aloe vera (Barbados aloe)

Leaves

Alpinia officinarum

Lesser galangal

Rhizome

Althaea officinalis

Marshmallow

Leaves/root

Ammi visnaga

Khella

Fruit

Ananas comosus

Pineapple

Raw bromelain

Angelica archangelica

Angelica

Root

Arctium lappa (A. major)

Great burdock

Root

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

Uva-ursi (bearberry)

Leaves

Armoracia rusticana

Horseradish

Root

Arnica montana

Arnica

Flowers

Artemisia absinthium

Wormwood

Flowering aerial parts

Atropa belladonna

Belladonna

Leaves/root

Avena sativa

Oats

Oatstraw

Baptisia tinctoria

Wild indigo

Root

Berberis vulgaris

Barberry

Fruit/Root bark

Beta vulgaris

Sugar beet

Root juice (betanin)

Beta vulgaris var. conditiva

Red beet

Root juice (betanin)

Betula pendula, B. pubescens

Birch

Leaves

Brassica nigra

Black mustard

Seeds

Calendula officinalis

Marigold (calendula)

Flowers

Capsella bursa-pastoris

Shepherd’s purse

Aerial parts

Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum

Cayenne

Fruit

Carica papaya

Papaya

Fruit

Carum carvi

Caraway

Fruit (seeds)/essential oil

Centaurium minus (erythraea)

Lesser centaury

Flowering aerial parts

Cephaelis ipecacuanha

Ipecac (ipecacuanha)

Root

Cetraria islandica

Iceland moss

Thallus

Chelidonium majus

Greater celandine

Flowering aerial parts

Cinchona pubescens

Red cinchona

Bark

Cinnamomum camphora

Camphor

Bark (camphor)

Citrus x aurantium)

Bitter orange

Peel

Citrus limon

Lemon

Fruit

Cnicus benedictus

Blessed thistle

Aerial parts

Coffea arabica

Coffee

Seed, roasted outer parts of seed

Cola nitida

Cola (kola)

Seeds

Colchicum autumnale

Autumn crocus (Meadow saffron)

Seeds, corms, flowers

Commiphora molmol

Myrrh

Oleo-gum-resin

Convallaria majalis

Lily-of-the-valley

Flowering aerial parts

Coriandrum sativum

Coriander

Fruit (seeds)

Crataegus laevigata, C. monogyna

Hawthorn

Leaves and flowers/fruit (berries)

Cucurbita pepo

Pumpkin

Seeds

Curcuma longa

Turmeric

Rhizome

Cynara scolymus

Artichoke

Leaves

Cytisus scoparius

Scotch broom

Flowering aerial parts

Drosera rotundifolia

Sundew

Aerial parts with root fragments

Echinacea pallida

Pale coneflower

Root

Echinacea purpurea

Purple coneflower

Aerial parts

Eleutherococcus senticosus

Eleuthero

Root

Elymus repens

Couch grass

Rhizome

Ephedra spp.

Ephedra

Aerial parts/root

Equisetum arvense

Horsetail

Sterile green stems

Eryngium planum

Plains eryngo

Root

Eschscholtzia californica

California poppy

Aerial parts

Eucalyptus globulus

Eucalyptus

Leaves/eucalyptus oil

Euphrasia stricta

Eyebright

Aerial parts

Filipendula ulmaria

Meadowsweet

Flowers

Foeniculum vulgare

Fennel

Fruit (seeds)

Frangula alnus

Frangula (alder buckthorn)

Bark (frangula bark)

Frangula purshiana

Cascara sagrada

Bark (cascara bark)

Fumaria officinalis

Fumitory

Flowering aerial parts

Galega officinalis

Goat’s rue

Aerial parts

Gelsemium sempervirens

Gelsemium (Yellow jasmine)

Rhizome

Gentiana lutea

Gentian

Root

Ginkgo biloba

Ginkgo

Leaves

Glycyrrhiza glabra

Licorice

Root

Graminis flos

Grass flowers, hay flowers

Flower parts and glume

Gratiola officinalis

Hedge hyssop, gratiola

Aerial parts

Hamamelis virginiana

Witch hazel

Bark/leaves

Harpagophytum procumbens

Devil’s claw

Root

Hedera helix

English ivy

Leaves

Herniaria glabra

Rupturewort

Aerial parts

Humulus lupulus

Hops

Cones (strobiles)

Hyoscyamus niger

Henbane

Leaves

Hypericum perforatum

St, John’s wort

Flowering aerial parts

Ilex paraguariensis

Mate

Leaves

Jasminium odoratissimum

True yellowjasmine

Flowers

Juglans regia

English walnut

Leaves

Juniperus communis

Juniper

Fruit (berries)

Krameria lappacea

Rhatany (Peruvian rhatany)

Root

Lamium album

White deadnettle

Flowers

Lavandula angustifolia

English lavender

Flowers

Leonurus cardiaca

Motherwort

Aerial parts

Levisticum officinale

Lovage

Root

Lichen islandicus

See Cetraria islandica

Linum usitatissimum

Flax

Seeds (linseed)

Lycopuseuropaeus

European bugleweed

Aerial parts

Lycopus virginicus

Bugleweed(Virginian bugleweed)

Aerial parts

Mahonia aquifolium

Oregon grape (mountain grape, holly-leaf barberry)

Root/bark

Malva sylvestris

Mallow

Flowers/leaves

Marrubium vulgare

Horehound

Aerial parts

Marsdenia condurango

Condurango

Bark

Matricaria recutita

Chamomile (German chamomile)

Flowers

Melilotus officinalis

Yellowsweet clover, melilot

Aerial parts

Melissa officinalis

Lemon balm (balm)

Leaves

Mentha piperita

Peppermint

Leaves/essential oil

Menyanthes trifoliata

Bog bean (buckbean)

Leaves

Oenothera biennis

Evening primrose

Seeds (oil)

Olea europaea

Olive

Leaves

Orthosiphon aristatus

Java tea

Leaves

Panax ginseng

Asian ginseng (Chinese ginseng)

Root

Passiflora incarnata

Passion flower

Aerial parts

Paullinia cupana

Guarana

Seeds

Petasites hybridus

Purple butterbur

Rhizome

Petroselinum crispum

Parsley

Aerial parts/root

Peumus boldus

Boldo

Leaves

Phaseolus vulgaris

Common bean

Pods

Pimpinella anisum

Aniseed

Fruit

Pimpinella saxifraga

Burnet saxifrage

Root

Pinus spp.

Pine tree

Needles (pine) needle oil/twigs/turpentine

Piper methysticum

Kava, Kava-kava, pepper plant

Rhizome

Plantago arenaria

Psyllium

Seeds

Plantago lanceolata

English plantain (ribwort)

Aerial parts/leaves

Plantago ovata

Indian plantain (blond psyllium, isphagula)

Husks

Podophyllum peltatum

Mayapple (American mandrake)

Rhizome (resin)

Polygonum aviculare

Knotweed

Aerial parts

Polygonum hydropiper

Smartweed (water pepper)

Aerial parts

Populus spp.

Poplar (cottonwood)

Buds

Potentilla anserina

Silverweed (goosewort)

Flowering aerial parts

Potentilla erecta

Cinquefoil (Tormentil)

Rhizome

Primula elatior

Oxlip

Flowers/root

Primula veris

Primula (primrose)

Flowers/root

Quercus robur

Oak

Bark from twigs and shoots

Raphanus sativus

Radish

Root

Rhamnus cathartica

Buckthorn

Fruit (berries)

Rheum palmatum

Chinese rhubarb

Root

Ribes nigrum

Black currant

Fruit (berries)

Rosa canina

Dog rose

Fruit (rose hips)

Rosmarinus officinalis

Rosemary

Leafy shoots with flowers

Rubus fructicosus

Blackberry

Leaves

Rubus idaeus

Raspberry

Leaves