Metabolic disorders

Chapter 37 Metabolic disorders





Pituitary Gland


The ‘master gland’ of the body; possesses two lobes:








Thyroid Gland (see Chapter 41 ‘scientific tests’ Table 41.1, p. 340, Table 41.2, p. 341)


Dysfunction of this gland is commonly encountered in clinical practice.


The thyroid is a double-lobed endocrine gland situated in the neck. It produces the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are responsible for:




Iodine is necessary for the production of both hormones. Disorders of the thyroid include:




Thyroid-releasing hormone is released by the hypothalamus, via the pituitary gland (see above); occasionally the pituitary is at fault.





Parathyroid Gland





Osteoporosis


Bone continually remodels itself. This occurs due to action of the osteoclasts, which dissolve and reabsorb bone, and the osteoblasts, which synthesize new bone to replace that reabsorbed.


Osteoporosis can occur when the rate of bone resorption is greater than its formation. Although osteoporosis is thought to be a postmenopausal problem it is possible even in children. Osteoporosis is caused by more than one factor. Risk factors are:







There is also an element of genetic and lifestyle factors.


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Jul 22, 2016 | Posted by in PHARMACY | Comments Off on Metabolic disorders

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