J

J


jellyfish stings acute inflammatory skin reaction, often of legs, from injected jellyfish venom during sea bathing; affected skin areas may show hyperpigmentation


Jendrassik’s manoeuvre increased response to a tendon jerk test by patient interlocking fingers and exerting a sustained abductory pull


jerk see reflex


jigger chigger flea


jogger’s foot neurogenic pain/paraesthesia in association with excessive foot pronation, aggravated by exercise (running) and eased by rest, due to compression of medial plantar nerve between navicular tuberosity and belly of abductor hallucis muscle (see syndrome, tarsal tunnel)


joint skeletal articulation


abnormal joint motion increased or decreased range of joint motion (e.g. due to disease, local trauma, pain) leading to abnormal orientation and function of it and adjacent joints

joint assessment part of overall musculoskeletal system assessment; joints are assessed for ease, range and quality of motion, signs of local inflammation, presence of crepitus with movement, deformity or malalignment

ball-and-socket joint e.g. hip joint, talonavicular joint

biaxial joint joint with two axes of motion, e.g. midtarsal joint

fibrous joint bones united by fibrous tissue, e.g. inferior tibia and fibula

hinge joint ginglymus, e.g. lesser metatarsophalangeal joints

joint mice intra-articular loose bodies

joint misalignment increasing malalignment of adjacent bones (see Table B6)

joint space narrowing loss of normal joint space (e.g. in late-stage arthritis)

joint stiffness characteristic feature of joint dysfunction, e.g. intra-articular or local soft-tissue pathology

synovial joint joint capsule is lined with synovial membrane and lubricated by synovial fluid

joint assessment see joint


joint cavities within foot there are six separate foot joint cavities:


1. subtalar joint

2. talocalcaneonavicular joint

3. calcaneocuboid joint

4. cuneonavicular joint

5. medial cuneomatarsal joint (medial metatarsal cuneiform joint)

6. cuboideometatarsal joint

joint complex group of joints with a high degree of functional interdependence (see rearfoot complex)


joint hypermobility see syndrome, joint hypermobility


joint movement quality of within-joint movement when associated proximal or distal body sections are moved; decreased by trauma, inflammation, infection, arthritis and soft-tissue contracture; increased in hypermobility syndrome and joint dislocation (see joint, assessment; Tables J1 and J2)



Table J1 Muscles acting on the joints of the lower limb and foot


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Jun 12, 2017 | Posted by in ANATOMY | Comments Off on J

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