Infectious Disease and Sports

Chapter 170 Infectious Disease and Sports




Clinical Case Problem 1: A 17-Year-Old Soccer Player with Aches, Pains, and Fever


A 17-year-old high-school student comes into the office complaining of having generalized body aches, feeling “feverish,” and having a dry cough for the past 2   days. She has been taking acetaminophen to help relieve symptoms. She tells you that she is the leading scorer on the school’s soccer team and that there is a big game against a rival school in 3   days.


On examination, her blood pressure is 100/70   mm Hg, pulse is 94 beats/minute, respiration is 20 breaths/minute, and temperature is 101° F. Examination of her head, ears, eyes, nose, and throat shows a mild pharyngeal erythema. Her neck is supple, with no adenopathy; cardiovascular regular rhythm and rate is S1, S2, with no murmurs. Her lungs are clear, her abdomen is soft and not tender, there is no organomegaly, and bowel sounds are active.



Select the best answer to the following questions




1. Which of the following statements regarding exercise and viral upper respiratory tract infections is true?


a. exercising during a viral illness can decrease the duration and severity of illness

b. all over-the-counter cold medications are approved by sports governing bodies for use during competition

c. a fever decreases strength and endurance

d. athletes with a temperature below 103° F can safely participate in sports

e. none of the above

2. After you complete your examination, she asks if she can practice with the soccer team later that day. Which of the following is the best response?


a. she should not exercise until the fever has resolved

b. she may exercise but only at a moderate intensity

c. to decrease the duration of illness, she should exercise at a high intensity

d. she may play only noncontact sports until her symptoms resolve

e. none of the above

3. Which of the following statements regarding exercising during a febrile viral illness is true?


a. the athlete is at an increased risk for myocarditis

b. the athlete is at an increased risk for heat illness

c. recovery from the illness is quickest for the athlete who allows adequate rest

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

4. Which of the following statements regarding exercise and the immune system is true?


a. white blood cells decrease during exercise

b. salivary and nasal immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels are increased for 24 hours after strenuous exercise

c. exercising at moderate intensity appears to enhance immune function

d. lymphocytes decrease during exercise

e. none of the above


Clinical Case Problem 2: A 20-Year-Old Football Player with Mononucleosis


A 20-year-old man with mononucleosis follows up in your office 3   weeks after the start of symptoms. He tells you that he “feels fine.” The examination is normal. The spleen does not feel enlarged, and all laboratory test results are normal. He plays on his college football team and wants to immediately start practicing with the team.



5. Regarding return to play, which of the following is recommended in athletes with mononucleosis (assuming the spleen is not enlarged, the athlete is afebrile, and the results of liver function tests [LFTs] are normal)?


a. the athlete may return to contact and strenuous activity at 8   weeks after the onset of illness

b. the athlete may return to contact and strenuous activity at 12   weeks after the onset of illness

c. the athlete may return to noncontact practice and nonstrenuous activity at 3   weeks after the onset of illness

d. the athlete may return to noncontact practice and nonstrenuous activity at 6   weeks after the onset of illness

e. none of the above


Clinical Case Problem 3: Three Wrestlers with Herpes Gladiatorum


Three members of the college wrestling team have herpes gladiatorum. The coach is concerned that the breakout is going to “ruin the season” and his chance to get into the coaches Hall of Fame.



6. Which of the following statements regarding herpes gladiatorum is true?


a. athletes with a history of recurrent herpes gladiatorum may benefit from prophylactic acyclovir

b. wrestlers may continue to compete as long as the lesions are covered with a gauze dressing

c. a Tzanck smear of scrapings from the wound will always be negative

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Oct 1, 2016 | Posted by in GENERAL SURGERY | Comments Off on Infectious Disease and Sports

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