Sterculia nitida Vent. (= C. nitida); C. grandiflora Schott & Endl. (= C. acuminata) Sterculiaceae (Malvaceae) Cola nut; kola Colae semen Whole or fragmented dried seeds, freed from the testa The key bioactive compound is caffeine, with traces of other xanthine derivatives such as theophylline and theobromine also found. Other compounds present are flavonoids (catechin and epicatechin), anthocyanins and tannins including colatin, colatein and colanin (Burdock et al. 2009; EMAa 2011; Williamson et al. 2013). No clinical data is available for cola and its preparations. However, the action of caffeine as a proven stimulant has been extensively studied for its mental and physical effects (Glade 2010; Heckman et al. 2010). Only few pharmacological studies have been reported for cola seeds. A behavioural study in rats, using a locomotion grid with number of squares crossed and resistance to capture as outcome measures, compared the effects of fresh cola seed extract (C. nitida
Cola
Cola nitida (Vent.) Schott & Endl., C. acuminata (P.Beauv.) Schott & Endl.
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