Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity
Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh
Key Facts
Terminology
Nephropathy due to direct toxicity of platinum compounds
Etiology/Pathogenesis
Cis-diachlorodiammineplatinum II is heavy metal and potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis
Clinical Issues
Acute renal failure arises within days of exposure
Microscopic Pathology
Acute tubular necrosis may be marked and affects proximal, distal, and collecting tubules
Regeneration is characterized by nuclear atypia and polypoid epithelial proliferations
Tubular nuclear atypia may persist for months
 Renal cortex in recent cisplatin nephrotoxicity demonstrates luminal cellular debris  , distal tubular casts  , regenerative nuclear atypia  , and interstitial edema. |
 Kidney cortex shows dilated distal tubular segments with luminal cast material  and necrotic cellular debris  from a patient with recent cisplatin exposure. The interstitium is edematous. |
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
Cis-diachlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP)
Synonyms
Platinum nephrotoxicity, cisplatinum nephrotoxicity, cis-platinum nephrotoxicity, CDDP nephrotoxicity
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