Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity

Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity
Shane M. Meehan, MBBCh
Key Facts
Terminology
  • Nephropathy due to direct toxicity of platinum compounds
Etiology/Pathogenesis
  • Cis-diachlorodiammineplatinum II is heavy metal and potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis
Clinical Issues
  • Acute renal failure arises within days of exposure
Microscopic Pathology
  • Acute tubular necrosis may be marked and affects proximal, distal, and collecting tubules
  • Regeneration is characterized by nuclear atypia and polypoid epithelial proliferations
  • Tubular nuclear atypia may persist for months
Renal cortex in recent cisplatin nephrotoxicity demonstrates luminal cellular debris image, distal tubular casts image, regenerative nuclear atypia image, and interstitial edema.
Kidney cortex shows dilated distal tubular segments with luminal cast material image and necrotic cellular debris image from a patient with recent cisplatin exposure. The interstitium is edematous.
TERMINOLOGY
Abbreviations
  • Cis-diachlorodiammineplatinum (CDDP)
Synonyms
  • Platinum nephrotoxicity, cisplatinum nephrotoxicity, cis-platinum nephrotoxicity, CDDP nephrotoxicity

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Jul 7, 2016 | Posted by in PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE | Comments Off on Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity

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