Chronic Bronchitis
Alvaro C. Laga
Timothy C. Allen
Philip T. Cagle
Chronic bronchitis is defined clinically as persistent cough with sputum production for at least 3 months in at least 2 consecutive years. Two factors are important in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis: (i) chronic irritation by inhaled substances and (ii) microbiologic infections. Cigarette smoking remains the primary cause. Other causes include heavy exposures to certain fumes and dusts.
Histologic Features

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