Parasites in the Liver
Parasites in the Liver Bobbi S. Pritt, MD, MSc 9.1 INTRODUCTION Parasites are an important cause of infections in the liver and biliary tract and are responsible for significant morbidity…
PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
Electron Microscopy
Electron Microscopy Taofic Mounajjed, MD 5.1 INTRODUCTION The rise of immunohistochemical, molecular, and serologic techniques in pathology over the past decades has somewhat sidelined certain diagnostic uses of the more…
The Language of Liver Pathology: Definitions of Key Terms
The Language of Liver Pathology: Definitions of Key Terms Michael S. Torbenson, MD 3.1 INTRODUCTION Like all medical disciplines, liver pathology has its own vocabulary used to describe histological findings….
Gross Processing of Liver Specimens
Gross Processing of Liver Specimens Roger K. Moreira, MD 2.1 GROSS ANATOMY Weight The normal human liver varies significantly in size, with an average weight of approximately 1,500 g (ranging…
The Normal Liver
The Normal Liver Samar Said, MD 1.1 GROSS ANATOMY The liver is located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, under the diaphragm. It has a smooth surface and…
Pulmonary Function, Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs), and Electrolyte Studies
Pulmonary Function, Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs), and Electrolyte Studies OVERVIEW OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS Pulmonary Physiology There are three aspects of pulmonary function: perfusion, diffusion, and ventilation. Perfusion relates to…
Special Diagnostic Studies
Special Diagnostic Studies OVERVIEW OF SPECIAL DIAGNOSTIC STUDIES These special studies have been selected for discussion because of their great diagnostic value in identifying diseases and disorders of certain organs…
Prenatal Diagnosis and Tests of Fetal Well-Being
Prenatal Diagnosis and Tests of Fetal Well-Being OVERVIEW OF PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS Fetal well-being depends on maternal health (see Chapter 6, page 336 for gestational diabetes screening). Many routine prenatal tests…
Ultrasound Studies
Ultrasound Studies OVERVIEW OF ULTRASOUND STUDIES Ultrasound (ultrasonography) is a noninvasive procedure for visualizing soft tissue structures of the body by recording the reflection of inaudible sound waves directed into…
Microbiologic Studies
Microbiologic Studies OVERVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGIC STUDIES Diagnostic Testing and Microbes Microorganisms that cause infectious disease are defined as pathogens. Organisms that are pathogenic under one set of conditions may, under…
