Chapter 5 – Standard Semen Analysis: Morphology
Abstract The evaluation of sperm morphology as a standard procedure to be included in routine semen analysis is under persistent pressure due to several factors relating inter alia to the…
GENERAL & FAMILY MEDICINE
Chapter 9 – Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction: Fluorescence Techniques to Determine Acrosome Reaction
Abstract The acrosome reaction (AR) is an essential process of spermatozoa for fertilization and is characterized by the exocytosis of the acrosomal content and the release of hybrid membrane vesicles…
Chapter 7 – Sperm Vitality: Hypo-Osmotic Swelling Test
Abstract The hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test, introduced in 1987 to assess the functional integrity of the human sperm membrane, appears to have withstood the test of time. Many articles have…
Chapter 6 – Sperm Vitality: Eosin-Nigrosin Dye Exclusion
Abstract Assessment of sperm vitality is an important component of semen analysis. It helps to distinguish spermatozoa that are alive and immotile from those that are dead. Sperm vitality can…
Chapter 3 – Standard Semen Analysis: Home Sperm Testing
Abstract The definition of infertility is often described as the inability of a couple to conceive after one year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Male factor infertility is present in…
Chapter 4 – Standard Semen Analysis: Leukocytospermia
Abstract The investigation of the male fertility potential starts with the analysis of seminal fluid. The seminal fluid or ejaculate is composed of a heterogeneous water-based solution (seminal plasma) deriving…
Chapter 2 – Standard Semen Analysis: Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis
Abstract Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) is an automated and objective method to evaluate several sperm parameters, either in conjunction with or instead of routine manual semen analysis. CASA systems have…
Chapter 1 – Standard Semen Examination: Manual Semen Analysis
Abstract The aim of this chapter is not to provide all practical details necessary for proper semen examination. There already exist other sources for that type of information [1, 2]….
The Vital Signs
The Vital Signs At this point it is necessary that you see a bullfight. If I were to describe one it would not be the one that you would see,…
