Many people use the words “feelings” and “emotions” interchangeably, as we do throughout the text, but there are important distinctions and several theories drawn from more than a century and a half of research, beginning with Charles Darwin. To summarize, feelings are cognitive and internal and emotions are “expressed” and are visible.

Paul Ekman has described fifteen distinguishable emotions:1

1. 
   

   Amusement

   
   
2. 
   

   Anger

   
   
3. 
   

   Contempt

   
   
4. 
   

   Contentment

   
   
5. 
   

   Disgust

   
   
6. 
   

   Embarrassment

   
   
7. 
   

   Excitement

   
   
8. 
   

   Fear

   
   
9. 
   

   Guilt

   
   
10. 
    

    Pride in achievement

    
    
11. 
    

    Relief

    
    
12. 
    

    Sadness/distress

    
    
13. 
    

    Satisfaction

    
    
14. 
    

    Sensory pleasure

    
    
15. 
    

    Shame

These emotions are all visible and discernable from one another by facial expression and other nonvocal cues.