Etodolac (Lodine)

CLASSIFICATION

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic

ACTIONS

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and produces analgesic and antiinflammatory effects. These actions will reduce the intensity of the pain stimulus reaching sensory nerve endings.

USES

• Acute long-term treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

CONTRAINDICATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS

• Active peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal (GI) ulceration, chronic inflammation of GI tract, GI bleeding disorders

• History of allergy or hypersensitivity to aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

• Impaired renal and hepatic function

SIDE EFFECTS

• ^**Indigestion,^** dizziness, headache, abdominal pain or cramps, diarrhea, nausea

• Causes less GI irritation and bleeding tendencies than other NSAIDs

NURSING IMPLICATIONS

1. Assess joints for pain and signs of inflammation.

2. Inspect affected joints for level of mobility.

3. ^*Monitor complete blood count and liver and renal function.^*

4. ^*Observe for bleeding or bruising.^*

5. ^‡Teach the patient to swallow the capsules whole and not to crush or chew.^‡

6. ^‡Teach the patient not to take aspirin or alcohol during therapy.^‡

Antigout Agents: febuxostat (Uloric), allopurinol (Zyloprim), probenecid (Benemid)

ACTIONS

Inhibit the infiltration and phagocytosis of leukocytes, thus decreasing the breakdown of uric acid to urate crystals. Deposition of urate crystals causes pain and inflammation.

USES

• Long-term treatment of acute gouty arthritis; is not useful in the treatment of an acute attack of gouty arthritis.

CONTRAINDICATIONS AND PRECAUTIONS

• Severe gastrointestinal (GI) disorders

• Cardiac, hepatic, or renal disorders

SIDE EFFECTS

• febuxostat (Uloric): ^**Nausea, arthralgia,^** rash, and abnormal liver function studies

• probenecid: ^**Vomiting,^** diarrhea, anorexia; renal deposits of urate may cause damage

• allopurinol (Zyloprim): GI symptoms, drowsiness, headache, abdominal cramping; toxicity—^†hypersensitivity syndrome^† with ^**rash,^** fever, eosinophilia, and liver and renal malfunction

NURSING IMPLICATIONS

1. ^*Hyperuricemic agents are given to prevent an attack; is not effective for an acute attack.^*

2. ^*Initially, symptoms may get worse until uric acid levels are decreased.^*

3. ^*Antigout agents can be given with food and milk to decrease GI discomfort.^*

4. ^‡Patient should avoid beer, ale, and wine because they may cause sudden gout attack.^‡

5. ^*Encourage an increase intake of fluids to increase excretion of uric acid and to decrease concentration.^*

6. ^‡Teach patient to avoid smoked meats and high-protein diets.^‡

Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel

Join