UNIT I
The cell and general physiology
1. The term “glycocalyx” refers to
A) the negatively charged carbohydrate chains that protrude into the cytosol from glycolipids and integral glycoproteins
4. In comparing two types of cells from the same person, the variation in the proteins expressed by each cell type reflects
5. Micro RNAs (miRNAs)
A) are formed in the cytoplasm and repress translation or promote degradation of mRNA before it can be translated
For each of the scenarios described below, identify the most likely subcellular site listed above for the deficient or mutant protein.
6. Studies completed on a 5-year-old boy show an accumulation of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides in his liver, spleen, and intestines and calcification of both adrenal glands. Additional studies indicate the cause to be a deficiency in acid lipase A activity.
7. The abnormal cleavage of mannose residues during the post-translational processing of glycoproteins results in the development of a lupus-like autoimmune disease in mice. The abnormal cleavage is due to a mutation of the enzyme α-mannosidase II.
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