The pectoral region is described in this section. Structures of importance for venous access include the subclavian and cephalic veins. The approach to the axillary artery is described in Section III (The Upper Extremity), Chapter 36e (Axillobifemoral Bypass). The breast and axilla are included in this section, along with operative descriptions of a large number of breast procedures including axillary node dissection and sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer.