The anatomy of the pectoral region and chest will be discussed in three parts: the pectoral region, the mediastinum and midline structures, and the lungs and esophagus.

The basic procedures of subclavian venous catheterization, with and without ultrasound guidance, and cutdown on the cephalic vein in the deltopectoral groove will be used to illustrate the anatomy of the subclavian region (Chapter 14). Both breast biopsy (Chapter 15) and modified radical and classic radical mastectomy (Chapter 16) illustrate the anatomy of the breast, pectoral region, and axilla. For completeness, axillary node biopsy and node dissection (Chapter 18) and sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer (Chapter 19) are included in this section.