Occurs at edge of cartilage (between cartilage and perichondrium)

Driven by chondrogenic cells of perichondrium

Helps shape cartilage structure

Occurs in center of cartilage

Driven by chondrocytes that synthesize matrix

Increases total cartilage volume

Composed of type II collagen

Most common type of cartilage in human body

Constitutes primary embryonic skeleton

Serves as model for endochondral ossification

Following endochondral ossification, hyaline cartilage is found in articular surfaces of long bones and in large airways

Composed of type II collagen and elastic fibers

Found in auricle of ear, external auditory canal, auditory tubes, and epiglottis

Composed of type I collagen

Found in intervertebral discs and pubic symphysis

Nutrients to cartilage diffuse from perichondrial capillaries and synovial fluid

Composed of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, and fibrillar components

Homogeneous, smooth, glassy appearance

Ranges from blue to pink in color, depending on stain preparations

Spindled to stellate; primarily found in inner layer of perichondrium

Able to differentiate into chondroblasts

Spindled to polygonal; elliptic nuclei; amphophilic cytoplasm

Small, dark round nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm; located in lacunae

Main cellular component of cartilage

Produce matrix and fibers

Arranged as single cells, in clusters, or in linear arrays (isogenous groups)

Isogenous groups represent daughter cells that arose from previous mitotic divisions of same chondroblast during interstitial cartilage growth

Outer layer of fibrocollagenous connective tissue

Inner layer of chondrogenic cells and chondroblasts

Contains blood vessels

Surrounds elastic and hyaline cartilage (except articular surface), but not fibrocartilage