The human heart has three systems of veins: the left ventricular, the right ventricular, and the thebesian veins. These are separate but intercommunicating systems.

The left ventricular system drains most of the left ventricular venous blood and is formed by the anterior interventricular vein, the left marginal vein, the middle cardiac vein, and the right marginal vein (Fig. 14.1). The anterior interventricular vein ascends parallel to the left anterior descending (LAD) artery (Fig. 14.2) and enters into the left atrioventricular sulcus, where it becomes the great cardiac vein (Fig. 14.3

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