Appendix: Normal Values of Metabolic Parameters and Tests of Endocrine Function
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Table A. Plasma and Serum Values
| Hormone | Time/condition of sample | Normal value or range SI (traditional units) |
|---|---|---|
| ACTH | 8:00 AM | <18 pmol/L (<80 pg/mL) |
| Aldosterone | 8:00 AM | <220 pmol/L (<8 ng/dL) |
| Potassium | 3.5–5.0 mmol/L (3.5–5.0 mEq/L) | |
| Angiotensin II | 8:00 AM | 10–30 nmol/L (10–30 pg/mL) |
| Arginine vasopressin | Random fluid intake | 1.5–5.6 pmol/L (1.5–6 ng/L) |
| Plasma osmolarity | 285–295 mOsmol/L | |
| Sodium | 136–145 mmol/L (136–145 mEq/L) | |
| Cortisol | 8:00 AM 4:00 PM | 140–690 nmol/L (5–25 μg/dL) 80–330 nmol/L (3–12 μg/dL) |
| DHEA | 7–31 nmol/L (2–9 μg/L) | |
| DHEAS | 1.3–6.7 μmol/L (500–2500 μg/L) | |
| 17-Hydroxyprogesterone | Women | |
| Follicular | 0.6–3 nmol/L (0.20–1 μg/L) | |
| Luteal | 1.5–10.6 nmol/L (0.5–3.5 μg/L) | |
| Men | 0.2–9 nmol/L (0.06–3 μg/L) | |
| Calcium | Plasma | 2.2–2.6 mmol/L (9–10.5 mg/dL) |
| Phosphorus | Inorganic | 1.0–1.4 mmol/L (3–4.5 mg/dL) |
| Vitamin D | 40–160 pmol/L (16–65 pg/mL) | |
| Calcitonin | <50 ng/mL (<50 pg/mL) | |
| Glucagon | 50–100 ng/mL (50–100 pg/mL) | |
| Insulin | Overnight fast | 43–186 pmol/L (6–26 μU/mL) |
| Glucose |
